- Throughout a long period of history, the total population of human had only a slow rate of increasing due to multiple factors. However within the development in technology and medical area, the average lifetime had been increased significantly. In this case, there were several population explosion occurred after the industrialize revolution. As the population grew rapidly, people started to realize the problems coming with overpopulation which including hunger, power shortage and lack of living space.
- As can be seen in the graph the population on earth used 1800 years to hit 1 billion but only 127 years to double that. In addition the fertility rate is still growing which according to experts' prediction, the population will hit 9 billion in 2048.
- Among all those countries who are struggling with overpopulation, China as being the country having the biggest population in the world, has its own way to solve the problem of overpopulation.
- In 1979, in order to control the high fertility rate inside the country, Chinese government implemented a policy called: "one-child policy" which restrict each family having only one children. Meanwhile, Chinese government also offers a number of benefits such as health care support which can motivate more Chinese family follow this policy. Reversely, Chinese governments also introduced several punishments for those family who had second child. In the early stages, the punishments including fines, abortion or sterilization. Meanwhile, the family who has second child will also be recorded in the government's list which may caused them being isolated in company or the society. However, after 2000s, the government decide to make couple of changes to the policy which makes it no longer has any social or personal impact. In stead of it, the government rose the punished fines in case to keep warning family from having second child. Furthermore, the government also declared that those family who lives in rural areas are allowed to have a second child if their first kid is a girl.
- (This was a poster Chinese government used in 1980s)
- Within all These efforts paid by Chinese government. The population of China did drop in drastically from 5.9 to 1.2 over 50 years. As this graph showing below, the growth rate of Chinese population had eventually stabled at a low rate after 2000s.
- However, as the same time when one-child policy reduced the fertility rate in China, it also brought multiple impact to Chinese society.
- Since the traditional culture in China believed that boy is better than girl. It creates a sexual preference that female baby usually need to face the situation being abandoned by the family. Therefore it creates the situation being mentioned in the video. According to the experts, the gender gap between man and and woman will reach its peak around 2050.
- Furthermore, another conflicts brought by one-child policy is the ageing population. Since the generation before one child policy are way more than the generation after one child policy, when the later generation grow up, the older generation are still the dominant part of the society basing on their large population. Therefore, it causes the problems of ageing population. According to the research from several organization, there will be 25 percent of Chinese population made up by people who are over 65.
- Despite all the influences to the population, one-child policy also bring China a new form of education system. The NCEE( National College Entrance Exam) was set up at the same time when one child policy implemented in order to better select people with talent. However, the new system of education brought China not only a better system of selection talent, but also a huge pressure being put on those students since they are facing with a test that can decide their trajectory of life. All their efforts they paid in previous years will be examined in this exam. Therefore, in order to success in the exam, Chinese student are taught to follow the pattern of the exam instead of being creative.
- As a conclusion, basing on the huge population China has, one child policy plays a unique role in this country. Despite the fact that it successfully controlled the population size and fertility rate in China, it also left a deep mark to the social culture and education areas that will influence generation and generation
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